1. Introduction Autoimmune diseases (AITD) of the thyroid gland—hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism—mainly occur in areas without iodine deficiency, including in most wealthy countries [1], where aesthetic medicine procedures are still gaining in popularity. The exact pathogenesis of both autoimmune hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism is unknown, but genetic factors play a role in both diseases [2]. Apart from genetic factors, AITD also seems to be influenced by epigenetic factors (the influence of IFNα on the expression of the thyroglobulin gene is postulated) [3] and environmental factors, such as iodine, smoking, medications, infection, or even stress [4]. Autoimmune thyroid diseases are the most common organ-specific autoimmune diseases, affecting 2–5% of the world’s population [5], and are more predominate in women than in men, with evidence of racial differences. Overall incidence of autoimmune hypothyroidism is 350/100,000/year in women and 80/100,000/year in men, and for autoimmune hyperthyroidism, the incidence is 80/100,000/year in women and 8/100,000/year in men [6]. The most common causes of autoimmune hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) and Graves’ disease (GD), respectively [7]. Patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases, in particular hypothyroidism, are a unique group of patients who declare a reduced quality of life and dissatisfaction with the medical services they receive [8]. Additionally, in patients with autoimmune hyperthyroidism, a reduction in the quality of life is observed, and mental health issues are more common than in the general population [9]. Cosmetic procedures mostly rely on the subcutaneous or intracutaneous injection of exogenous substances, but in recent years, treatments based on platelet-rich plasma and autologous tissue transplantation have become increasingly popular. A few studies have researched the safety of using minimally invasive cosmetic procedures in patients with.

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Safety of Aesthetic Medicine Procedures in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: A Literature Review - Aptos